Professor Bill Louden, Senior Deputy Vice Chancellor at UWA presented a keynote paper entitled ‘Social inclusion – student equity and diversity’ on Friday 24th April (0905–0950) at the ATEM Student Services Centre Conference, Fremantle, WA
Excuse any errors, I am liveblogging. Photos will be added later
First thing on Day 2 and it was time for the keynote from Prof. Bill Louden. We kicked off just about on time despite many people queuing up for glasses of water!
Bill started right out of the gate saying that the numbers ‘20’ and ‘40’ were going to be key in the coming years and that his talk would be structured around issues of government targets, specifically the goal of having 20% of the 2020 cohort from low SES groups, rising to 25% by 2025.
When examining the current situation we can see that entry levels students from outside the affluent suburbs of Perth is significantly lower than those from the ‘western suburbs’ whose rate of entry is much higher. There is better news when it comes to retention of students from low SES groups with background making little/no difference.
So where does the inequality stem from? Bill asserts that university selection procedures are overshadowed in importance by factors that play out much earlier in students’ lives – in primary and secondary school and that it is here, rather than in University admissions policies that real change can be achieved. There appears to be much we can learn from other countries (such as Finland, Canada) who seem to be doing better with students across all groups. Risk of inequality in Australia is strongly skewed towards students who are indigenous or remote, or low SES with up to 4x as much risk as non-indigenous metropolitan and high SES. How can we make the path easier for students who start their educational journey from a tougher place and experience ‘accumulating disadvantage’ during their school lives? The problem was given clarity when Bill demonstrated the fundamental change between the patterns when kids are 6 years old (minimal impact of SES group) and when they are 17 where advantage has become concentrated and disadvantages have not been overcome.
The answer lies in a number of factors including funding for preschool education (we currently lie at the bottom of a list of 16 comparable countries, below Norway at the top and Mexico, UK and Korea further down). Bill’s suggestion is to spend early and spend it in the right places, rather than waiting to spend millions of dollars on remedial programs much later in students’ lives. The education revolution will see expenditure on standards of education, conditions of employment and entry for teachers and capital works for schools.
Measurement of social class also needs improving by moving away from the current ‘area-based’ system that uses postcode which fails simply because it fails to take into account variation within suburbs. Governments can and should also set realistic, in-context targets that aren’t based solely on numbers, they shold (but probably wont’) increase income support payments and make scholarships exempt from counting as income.
Universities are doing their bit – intervening early, having embedded, comprehensive transition support programs and broadening access and entry schemes.
Question time was kicked of by Fred Chaney (yesterday’s keynote) who asked Bill how he thinks these thoughts might best be communicated to the Federal Government. Bill felt that he had no trouble communicating his ideas and even that the goals he described were actually aligned with the governments – yet the money for investment was being directed elsewhere. So are we serious or not? Are we happy as a country to sit in the middle of the table?
Dave Macey raised the issue of getting students into teacher training and how this can be progressed. Bill likened the problem to those facing a doctors shortage (‘seat-filling’ problems) which cannot be faced by lowering entry standards. Dave then asked what can be done for teachers already practicing to which Bill answered by highlighting the opportunity.
A final question from the Kerry Robinson at the front of the room asked How can we get the government to change its mind about counting scholarships as income? Talk about it – more and more, wherever we can!
Bill’s talk will be available online shortly via this blog post.
BIO – Professor Bill Louden took up his role as Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor at The University of Western Australia at the beginning of 2009. He is a teacher, academic and curriculum expert. He is chair of the Curriculum Council of Western Australia and previously Dean of Education at UWA. Professor Louden holds a PhD from the University of Toronto, and Arts and Education degrees from The University of Western Australia and Murdoch University. Before joining UWA he served in Pro Vice-Chancellor and executive dean roles at Edith Cowan University. His research interests include literacy, standards and educational change.